Error logs contain critical information for troubleshooting issues

Followings are the commands:

EXEC sp_readerrorlog;
EXEC xp_readerrorlog 0, 1, N'';

Checking the log files directly:

By default, SQL Server error logs are located in the LOG folder within the SQL Server installation directory (e.g., C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.n\
MSSQL\LOG\ERRORLOG).