Date function and format in Oracle
NUMTODSINTERVAL: Difference in dates with result in DAYS, HOURS, MINUTE and SECONDS
-- You can do it by callculaation
SELECT TRUNC( difference ) AS days,
TRUNC( MOD( difference * 24, 24 ) ) AS hours,
TRUNC( MOD( difference * 24*60, 60 ) ) AS minutes,
TRUNC( MOD( difference * 24*60*60, 60 ) ) AS seconds
FROM (
SELECT TO_DATE( '2018-01-02 01:01:12', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' )
- TO_DATE( '2018-01-01 00:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' )
AS difference
FROM DUAL
);
DAYS HOURS MINUTES SECONDS ---- ----- ------- ---------- 1 1 1 12
-- You can use numtodsinterval function to do for you.
SELECT EXTRACT( DAY FROM difference ) AS days,
EXTRACT( HOUR FROM difference ) AS hours,
EXTRACT( MINUTE FROM difference ) AS minutes,
EXTRACT( SECOND FROM difference ) AS seconds
FROM (
SELECT NUMTODSINTERVAL(
TO_DATE( '2018-01-02 01:01:12', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' )
- TO_DATE( '2017-01-01 00:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' ),
'DAY'
) AS difference
FROM DUAL
);
DAYS HOURS MINUTES SECONDS ---- ----- ------- -------- 366 1 1 12
NUMTODSINTERVAL direct output
SELECT NUMTODSINTERVAL(
TO_DATE( '2018-01-02 01:01:12', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' )
- TO_DATE( '2016-01-01 00:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' ),
'DAY'
) AS difference
FROM DUAL;
DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------
+000000732 01:01:12.000000000
MONTH_BETWEEN function difference in Month
Note: Month_BETWEEN function calculated the month based of 31 days
SELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN( DATE '2018-03-10', DATE '2017-03-10' ) AS difference FROM DUAL;
DIFFERENCE
----------
12
Extract the Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute
SELECT EXTRACT (YEAR FROM DATE '2018-03-25') AS YEAR,
EXTRACT (MONTH FROM DATE '2018-03-25') AS MONTH,
EXTRACT (DAY FROM DATE '2018-03-25') AS DAY
FROM DUAL;
YEAR MONTH DAY ---- ----- ---- 2018 3 25
Format the Date with TO_CHAR Function as output
SELECT TO_CHAR( sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD' ) AS formatted_date FROM dual;
FORMATTED
----------
2018-09-10
SQL> SELECT TO_CHAR( sysdate, 'YYYY-DD-MM' ) AS formatted_date FROM dual;
FORMATTED
----------
2018-10-09
SELECT TO_CHAR( sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY' ) AS formatted_date FROM dual;
FORMATTED_DATE
--------------------
10-SEP-2018
SELECT TO_CHAR(sysdate,'FMMonth d yyyy, hh12:mi:ss AM','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = French') AS formatted_date FROM dual;
FORMATTED_DATE
----------------------------------
Septembre 2 2018, 2:49:44 PM
ADD_MONTHS function : you can subtract also by – sign
With add month function you can add more month to current date and by using – sign you can subtract also.
SQL> SELECT ADD_MONTHS(DATE'2015-01-12', 2) m FROM dual;
M
---------
12-MAR-15
SQL> SELECT ADD_MONTHS(DATE'2015-01-12', -2) m FROM dual;
M
---------
12-NOV-14
SQL> SELECT TO_CHAR( ADD_MONTHS(DATE'2015-01-31', 1),'YYYY-MM-DD') m FROM dual;
M
----------
2015-02-28
