Create user having only exp/expdp backup privileges in Oracle

Step 1: Create a new user in Oracle

CREATE USER export1 IDENTIFIED BY export1;

Step 2: Grant the export permission to the USER:

GRANT EXP_FULL_DATABASE TO export1;

Step 3: Grant connect or resource permission to the USER:

GRANT CONNECT TO export1;
GRANT RESOURCE TO export1;

Step 4: Create a directory in which EXPDP backup taken:

Create directory dbbackup1 as 'C:\export';

Step 5: Grant read, write permission on directory to USER:

Grant read, write on directory dbbackup1 to export1;

Step 6: Try the backup of database with new USER:

expdp \"export1/export1\" full=Y directory=dbbackup dumpfile=backup.dmp logfile=backup.log